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The working principle of the solenoid is mainly based on the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil, and the control of mechanical movement is achieved by controlling the on-off current of the electromagnet. The solenoid valve is provided with a closed cavity inside, and a number of through holes are opened on it, and each hole is connected to a different oil pipe. A piston is provided in the cavity, and electromagnets are arranged on both sides. When the electromagnet on one side is energized, the piston will be attracted to that side, thereby controlling the opening and closing of different oil drain holes. The oil inlet hole always remains open, and the hydraulic oil can enter different oil drain pipes, pushing the cylinder piston and piston rod through the oil pressure, and then driving the mechanical device. Therefore, the control of mechanical movement can be achieved by controlling the on-off current of the electromagnet.
Principle and characteristics of solenoid valve
1.Direct -acting solenoid valve : When the power is off, the valve is closed; when the power is on, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil opens the valve. It is suitable for vacuum, negative pressure, and zero pressure environments, but the diameter is generally small.
2.Step-by -step direct-acting solenoid valve :Combines the direct-acting and pilot-operated principles,it opens directly when powered on when there is no pressure difference;when there is a pressure difference,it uses the electromagnetic force and the pressure difference to open the valve;it closes when the power is off.It is suitable for zero pressure difference,vacuum and high pressure environments,but it has a large power and needs to be installed horizontally.
3.Pilot solenoid valve :When power is on, the pilot hole opens, and the pressure difference is used to push the valve open;When power is off, the pilot hole closes, and the valve closes.It has small size, low power, and a high upper limit of fluid pressure. It can be installed arbitrarily, but the fluid pressure difference conditions must be met.
In addition, the selection of solenoid valves also needs to consider fluid parameters (such as material, temperature group, fluid state, fluid viscosity), pressure parameters (such as nominal pressure, working pressure), electrical selection (voltage specification), continuous working time and environmental requirements (such as explosion-proof, check, manual, waterproof and fog-proof, water spray, diving and other functions). These factors jointly affect the selection and use of solenoid valves.
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